What two events typically trigger the issuance of a Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) in the National Airspace System?

The issuance of a Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) is a critical safety measure in the National Airspace System, designed to manage air traffic during events that pose unique risks or require special security considerations. The two events that typically trigger a TFR are sporting events and the movement of the President.

Sporting events often attract large crowds and can pose risks due to the concentrations of people and heightened activity. To ensure safety, aviation authorities may restrict airspace in the vicinity of these events. This helps to mitigate the risk of accidents or incidents arising from drone flights or other aircraft in crowded airspaces.

Similarly, the movement of the President, or any other high-ranking government officials, necessitates enhanced security measures. The TFR helps protect against potential threats by restricting unauthorized aircraft from entering or flying near the designated airspace during these movements. This ensures that the official can travel safely without the risk of interference from other aircraft.

The other options, while they may involve activities that warrant attention, do not typically lead to TFRs being issued. For instance, while severe weather can affect flight operations, it usually leads to advisories rather than outright restrictions. Wildlife hazards might prompt specific advisories to pilots but do not generally lead to TFRs either.